Protective immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection substantially
depend on a delicate balance within cytokine networks. Thus, immunosuppressive therapy …

The role of B cells migrating to the lung and forming follicles during tuberculosis (TB)
inflammation is still the subject of debate. In addition to their antibody production and …

Abstract Background Serum amyloid A (SAA), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and neutrophil‐to‐
lymphocyte ratio (NLR) play critical roles in inflammation and are used in clinical …

Purpose The clinical values of C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) to
distinguish non-severe from severe influenza in children are rarely reported. Methods …

Cell-mediated immune response is critical for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) control.
Understanding of pathophysiology and role played by different cell mediators is essential for …

Background and Objectives: Inflammatory cytokines and metabolic abnormalities are
common in patients with tuberculosis. Observational studies have indicated that probiotics …

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a significant public health problem. The role
of small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), was investigated extensively in …

Background Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition affecting the
pilosebaceous unit, commonly presenting as comedones, papules, pustules, or nodules on …

Background Tuberculous spondylitis (TS) and brucellar spondylitis (BS) are commonly
observed in spinal infectious diseases, which are initially caused by bacteremia. BS is easily …

Tuberculous granuloma formation is mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α),
and is essential for establishing latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and its progression to …