Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), is a prevalent global
infectious disease and a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Currently, the only available …

The monkeypox virus (MPOX) is an uncommon zoonotic illness brought on by an
orthopoxvirus (OPXV). MPOX can occur with symptoms similar to smallpox. Since April 25 …

Since May 2022, the mpox virus (MPXV) has spread worldwide and become a potential
threat to global public health. Vaccines are important tools for preventing MPXV …

Introduction The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, currently used against
tuberculosis (TB), exhibits inconsistent efficacy, highlighting the need for more potent TB …

Background: Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is the primary source of active tuberculosis
(ATB), but a preventive vaccine against LTBI is lacking. Methods: In this study, dominant …

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a continuously evolving pathogen, causes severe
diarrhea in piglets with high mortality rates. However, current vaccines cannot provide …

Influenza remains a global health concern due to its potential to cause pandemics as a
result of rapidly mutating influenza virus strains. Existing vaccines often struggle to keep up …

Vaccines have significantly reduced the impact of numerous deadly viral infections.
However, there is an increasing need to expedite vaccine development in light of the …

Coinfection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and porcine deltacoronavirus
(PDCoV) is common in pig farms, but there is currently no effective vaccine to prevent this co …

Adenoviral vectors have been widely used as vaccine candidates or potential vaccine
candidates against infectious diseases due to the convenience of genome manipulation …