Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury induces a sterile inflammatory response, leading to
further injury that contributes to the final infarct size. Locally released danger-associated …

The immune system of fish is very similar to vertebrates, although there are some important
differences. Fish are free-living organisms from the embryonic stage of life in their aquatic …

In response to a peripheral infection, innate immune cells produce pro-inflammatory
cytokines that act on the brain to cause sickness behaviour. When activation of the …

The protective/neurotoxic role of fractalkine (CX3CL1) and its receptor CX3C chemokine
receptor 1 (CX3CR1) signaling in neurodegenerative disease is an intricate and highly …

Cytokines of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family, such as IL-1α/β and IL-18, have important
functions in host defense, immune regulation, and inflammation. Insight into their biological …

The regulation of chronic inflammation has received considerable research attention in
recent years because of its contribution to the pathogenesis of chronic diseases such as …

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is performed using a photosensitizer and light of specific
wavelength in the presence of oxygen to generate singlet oxygen and reactive oxygen …

Preshaw PM, Taylor JJ. How has research into cytokine interactions and their role in driving
immune responses impacted our understanding of periodontitis? J Clin Periodontol 2011; …

Contrary to the commonly held misconception, bone is a relatively dynamic organ that
undergoes significant turnover as compared to other organs in the body. This review details …

Older individuals often experience declines in cognitive function after events (eg infection, or
injury) that trigger activation of the immune system. This occurs at least in part because …