The human newborn infant is susceptible to gut inflammatory disorders. In particular, growth-
restricted infants or infants born prematurely may develop a severe form of intestinal …

Recent studies have identified the importance of proinflammatory mediators in the
development and progression of heart failure. The growing appreciation of the …

Diabetic nephropathy is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix
proteins in the mesangium and basement membrane of the glomerulus and in the renal …

Background Metabolic syndrome and related metabolic disturbances represent a state of
low-grade inflammation, which accelerates insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and …

It is now well established that vascular inflammation is an independent risk factor for the
development of atherosclerosis. In otherwise healthy patients, chronic elevations of …

Rationale: NADPH oxidases (Noxes) regulate vascular physiology and contribute to the
pathogenesis of vascular disease. In vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), the …

Structural remodeling of the ventricular wall is a key determinant of clinical outcome in heart
disease. Such remodeling involves the production and destruction of extracellular matrix …

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) regulates the transcription of many genes induced by low
oxygen conditions. Recent studies have demonstrated that non-hypoxic stimuli can also …

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has emerged as one of the essential links in the
pathophysiology of vascular disease. Angiotensin (Ang) II, the main peptide of the RAS, was …

SARS-CoV-2 infection affects different organs and tissues, including the upper and lower
airways, the lung, the gut, the olfactory system and the eye, which may represent one of the …