Smart cities development relies on information and communication technologies (ICTs) to
improve all urban aspects, including governance, economy, mobility, and environment. The …

Nowadays, efficient solve of optimization problems is a vital challenge, and computational
cost in complicated optimization problems is a motivation to use meta-heuristic algorithms …

Combinatorial t-way technique is efficient in generating test data and addressing the
problem of combinatorial explosion. When constructing a test case, numerous literatures …

Due to different users' requirements, contemporary software has become feature-rich in
terms of input functions (ie, parameters) and selections (ie, values). Exhaustive testing on …

Exhaustive testing is a type of testing that test all possible combination of parameter values
to make sure the product is free from any possible faults and errors. However, employing …

Meta-heuristic algorithms are well-known optimization methods, for solving real-world
optimization problems. Harmony search (HS) is a recognized meta-heuristic algorithm with …

T-way test suite generation strategy based on Ant Colony algorithm (TTSGA) has been
developed to support t-way variable strength testing which tackles exhaustive testing issues …

Today's academics have a major hurdle in solving combinatorial problems in the actual
world. It is nevertheless possible to use optimization techniques to find, design, and solve a …

Interaction strength testing (known as t-way testing) is one of the effective software testing
techniques used to find problems with how system components interact with one another …

In the domain of traffic volume forecasting, several critical factors, such as weather
conditions, have often been neglected. Consequently, we present a novel multi-level …