Neurotransmitters serve as chemical messengers playing a crucial role in information
processing throughout the nervous system, and are essential for healthy physiological and …

The tau protein (τ) is one of the two hallmark proteins of Alzheimer's disease (AD) together
with the amyloid β protein (Aβ). In contrast to Aβ, abnormally phosphorylated τ (p-τ) can also …

The locus coeruleus (LC) is a small nucleus in the pons from which ascending and
descending projections innervate major parts of the central nervous system. Its major …

The default mode network (DMN) of the brain is functionally associated with a wide range of
behaviors. In this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron …

The hippocampus-prefrontal cortex (HPC-PFC) pathway plays a fundamental role in
executive and emotional functions. Neurophysiological studies have begun to unveil the …

Simple Summary Over the past few decades, advances in electroencephalography (EEG)
recordings and brain stimulation has permitted an unprecedented view of how specific brain …

Persistent inward currents (PICs) are crucial for initiation, acceleration, and maintenance of
motoneuron firing. As PICs are highly sensitive to synaptic inhibition and facilitated by …

Experimental evidence has implicated multiple neurotransmitter systems in either the direct
or indirect modulation of cortical arousal and attention circuitry. In this review, we selectively …

Therapeutic interventions for disorders of fear and anxiety rely on behavioral approaches
that reduce pathological fear memories. For example, learning that threat-predictive stimuli …

Neural dynamics are shaped and constrained by the projections of a small nucleus in the
pons: the noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC). Much like a bow to the brain's violin, activity in …