Backchannel responses appear to be a universal behavior, but specific backchannel
behaviors are particular to language and culture. As such, they offer themselves to test …

Current methodologies in corpus linguistics have revolutionized the way we look at
language. They allow us to make objective observations about written and spoken …

This study investigated the influence of nonverbal behavior in the context of interactive talk
during the assessment of an oral proficiency interview test. The participants were 4 Spanish …

Reactive tokens are conversational resources by which a listener co‐constructs a speaker's
turn at talk. The resources that are available include the forms of the reactive tokens …

Listener responses (called backchannels) and their effect on intercultural communication
were investigated in eight dyadic conversations in English between Japanese and British …

'This volume addresses a very timely and important topic, and provides both broad and in-
depth coverage of a number of large-scale English tests in China, including Hong Kong and …

What is intercultural communication or, more accurately, since cultures do not communicate
with each other except in a vaguely metaphorical sense, what is communication between …

The study of Chinese grammar from a 'functional'point of view reflects the general functional,
cognitive, and discourse tradition in current linguistics (see Chafe 1992; Hopper, 1992; …

This study examined the relationship between the frequency of backchannel responses and
listener recall scores in inter-and intra-cultural conversations. The nature of the study was a …

In current linguistics and applied linguistics, the popular practice is to focus, whether
consciously or unconsciously, on the rare and unusual properties of lexical items and …