Cancers represent complex ecosystems comprising tumor cells and a multitude of non-
cancerous cells, embedded in an altered extracellular matrix. The tumor microenvironment …

Macrophages exist in various tissues, several body cavities, and around mucosal surfaces
and are a vital part of the innate immune system for host defense against many pathogens …

The cancer-immunity cycle provides a framework to understand the series of events that
generate anti-cancer immune responses. It emphasizes the iterative nature of the response …

Tumour progression is modulated by the local microenvironment. This environment is
populated by many immune cells, of which macrophages are among the most abundant …

Single-cell technologies, particularly single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) methods,
together with associated computational tools and the growing availability of public data …

Macrophages are versatile and heterogeneous innate immune cells undertaking central
functions in balancing immune responses and tissue repair to maintain homeostasis. This …

Bispecific T cell engagers (TCEs) have shown promise in the treatment of various cancers,
but the immunological mechanism and molecular determinants of primary and acquired …

Tumor microenvironments (TMEs) influence cancer progression but are complex and often
differ between patients. Considering that microenvironment variations may reveal rules …

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has revolutionized cancer treatment. However,
resistance to ICB occurs frequently due to tumor-intrinsic alterations or extrinsic factors in the …

Cancer immunotherapy, mainly including immune checkpoints-targeted therapy and the
adoptive transfer of engineered immune cells, has revolutionized the oncology landscape as …