This paper proposes using the Parallel Layer Perceptron (PLP) network, instead of the
Single Layer Feedforward neural network (SLFN) in the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) …

In this paper, we propose a new semantic descriptor based on axiomatic fuzzy set (AFS) to
describe facial expressions. The new descriptor has two advantages: The first one is that it …

Important progresses have been made in the field of artificial intelligence in recent years,
and facial expression recognition (FER), which could greatly facilitate the development of …