This Lab Note introduces the “Stokes Camera,” a simple experimental arrangement for real-
time measurement of spatial amplitude and polarization and thus spatially resolved Stokes …

Structured light can be encoded to carry information for free‐space optical communications
with an extended degree of freedom to increase the capacity, however, the accuracy issue …

There is a growing interest in utilizing structured beams in free-space optical (FSO)
communications. With uniquely tailored spatial amplitude and phase profiles, structured …

In this paper, we investigate the propagation properties of the Ince–Gaussian​ vector
beams through atmospheric turbulence. For this type of generalized fundamental vector …

The modified uplink and downlink atmospheric turbulence channel models were established
and employed to assess the system performance of air–ground orbital angular momentum …

The scattering of light impacts sensing and communication technologies throughout the
electromagnetic spectrum. Overcoming the effects of time-varying scattering media is …

Vector beams are inhomogeneously polarized optical fields with nonseparable quantumlike
correlations between their polarization and spatial components, and they hold tremendous …

Turbulence in complex environments such as the atmosphere and biological media has
always been a great challenge to the application of beam propagation in optical …

In general, atmospheric turbulence can degrade the performance of free-space optical
(FSO) communication systems by coupling light from one spatial mode to other modes. In …

We present a fast and efficient simulation method of structured light free space optics (FSO)
channel effects from propagation through a turbulent atmosphere. In a system that makes …