The blood-brain barrier (BBB) prevents neurotoxic plasma components, blood cells, and
pathogens from entering the brain. At the same time, the BBB regulates transport of …

Adequate supply of blood and structural and functional integrity of blood vessels are key to
normal brain functioning. On the other hand, cerebral blood flow shortfalls and blood–brain …

WNT signaling is an elaborate and complex collection of signal transduction pathways
mediated by multiple signaling molecules. WNT signaling is critically important for …

Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death worldwide, especially beyond
the age of 65 years, with the vast majority of morbidity and mortality due to myocardial …

The Wnt signalling pathway is one of the central signalling pathways in bone development,
homeostasis and regulation of bone mineral density. It consists of numerous Wnt ligands …

Clostridium difficile infection is the most common cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in
developed countries. The major virulence factor, C. difficile toxin B (TcdB), targets colonic …

Wnt signaling plays a major role in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. The Wnt
ligands are a family of 19 secreted glycoproteins that mediate their signaling effects via …

Frizzled receptors (FZDs) are class-F G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that function in
Wnt signalling and are essential for developing and adult organisms,. As central mediators …

The superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) contains immense structural and
functional diversity and mediates a myriad of biological processes upon activation by …

Abstract Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) has been identified as a secretory protein that can inhibit the
Wnt signaling transduction pathway. It is well known that the Wnt signaling pathway plays an …