This chapter reviews the empirical literature on the determination of firms' and industries'
innovative activity and performance, highlighting the questions addressed, the approaches …

The sociology of markets has been one of the most vibrant fields in sociology in the past 25
years. There is a great deal of agreement that markets are social structures characterized by …

In an initial coin offering (ICO), new ventures raise capital by selling tokens to a crowd of
investors. Often, this token is a cryptocurrency, a digital medium of value exchange based on …

Dazed and confused by the wild hype surrounding “gazelles” and “unicorns,”
entrepreneurship researchers have focused on the “black swans” of the entrepreneurial …

How do institutions influence and shape cognition and action in individuals and
organizations, and how are they in turn shaped by them? Various social science disciplines …

An extensive literature in economics and finance has documented home bias, the tendency
that transactions are more likely to occur between parties in the same geographical area …

Using nationally representative survey data on 11,505 labor force participants, we examine
the use and implementation of noncompete agreements and the employee outcomes …

Crowdfunding allows founders of for-profit, artistic, and cultural ventures to fund their efforts
by drawing on relatively small contributions from a relatively large number of individuals …

We measure the extent to which skilled immigrants increase innovation in the United States.
The 2003 National Survey of College Graduates shows that immigrants patent at double the …

This survey reviews the growing body of academic work on venture capital. It lays out the
major data sources used. It examines the work on venture capital investments in companies …