This review paper discusses the complete evolution of free-space optical (FSO)
communication, also known as unguided optical communication (UOC) technologies, all the …

The demand for fault protection transmission link with high-speed, high security and long-
reach in an optical access network is growing at an exponential rate. It is quite difficult to …

The potential integration of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with free space optical (FSO)
communication systems stands as a promising innovation in the realm of wireless network …

Free space optics (FSO) is considered among the emerging technological innovations which
are currently being utilized to supersede radio frequency (RF) communication because of its …

Free space optical communication (FSO) employs an optical setup to transmit the message
signal directly through the air from the source to the receiver. While FSO offers several …

This article presents a comprehensive approach towards mitigation of four-wave mixing
(FWM) induced crosstalk for a super-combined dense wavelength division multiplexing (SC …

Mode-division multiplexing technology has been proposed as a crucial technique for
enhancing communication capacity and alleviating growing communication demands …

This paper introduces the development of NOT, OR, and AND logic gates utilizing a 2: 1
Multiplexer (MUX) based on a titanium-diffused lithium niobate electro-optic Mach–Zehnder …

Dual wavelength quantum cascade lasers (DW‐QCLs) are a type of semiconductor laser
that can emit two different wavelengths of light simultaneously. They are constructed using …

Interest in optical wireless communications (OWC) as a possible complement to RF
technology has increased recently. However, the propagation of optical beams through the …