Background Evidence has shown that private industry-sponsored randomized controlled
trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses are more likely to report intervention-favourable results …

This Element introduces the philosophical literature on values in science by examining four
questions:(1) How do values influence science?(2) Should we actively incorporate values in …

Science journalists face significant challenges as they seek to report on scientific research in
socially beneficial ways. This study draws on recent scholarship in the philosophy of science …

In recent years, many philosophers of science have rejected the “value-free ideal” for
science, arguing that non-epistemic values have a legitimate role to play in scientific inquiry …

The idea that science is or should be value-free, and that values are or should be formed
independently of science, has been under fire by philosophers of science for decades …

Background: The open science movement is transforming scientific practice with the goal of
enhancing the transparency, productivity, and reproducibility of research. Nevertheless …

Psychology has a WEIRD problem. It is overly reliant on participants from Western,
Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic societies. Over the last decade this problem …

What differentiates scientific research from non-scientific inquiry? Philosophers addressing
this question have typically been inspired by the exalted social place and intellectual …

Bias, perhaps best described as 'any process at any stage of inference which tends to
produce results or conclusions that differ systematically from the truth,'can pollute the entire …

Financial conflicts of interest, several cases of scientific fraud, and research limitations from
strong intellectual property laws have all led to questioning the epistemic and social justice …