Decades of research have identified genetic factors and biochemical pathways involved in
neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). We present evidence for the following eight hallmarks …

The brain is vulnerable to excessive oxidative insults because of its abundant lipid content,
high energy requirements, and weak antioxidant capacity. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease
worldwide, and its treatment remains a big challenge. The pathogenesis of PD may be …

Neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration often result from the aberrant deposition of
aggregated host proteins, including amyloid‐β, α‐synuclein, and prions, that can activate …

The concept of the neurovascular unit (NVU), formalized at the 2001 Stroke Progress
Review Group meeting of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke …

The human brain consumes 20% of the total basal oxygen (O 2) budget to support ATP
intensive neuronal activity. Without sufficient O 2 to support ATP demands, neuronal activity …

Ferroptosis, a novel form of regulated cell death, is caused by accumulation of lipid
peroxides and excessive iron deposition. This process has been linked to the death of …

Existing therapeutic strategies for managing Parkinson disease (PD), which focus on
addressing the loss of dopamine and dopaminergic function linked with degeneration of …

The diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is based on clinical features and differently to the
common opinion that detecting this condition is easy, seminal clinicopathological studies …

Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) affect essential functions not only in the CNS, but also
cause persistent gut dysfunctions, suggesting that they have an impact on both CNS and gut …