In recent years, there has been a growing interest in identifying and applying new, naturally
occurring molecules that promote health. Probiotics are defined as “live microorganisms …

Studies of the human microbiome share both technical and conceptual similarities with
genome-wide association studies and genetic epidemiology. However, the microbiome has …

The human gut microbiota is considered a well-known complex ecosystem composed of
distinct microbial populations, playing a significant role in most aspects of human health and …

High‐fat diet (HFD) has been recognized as a primary factor in the risk of chronic disease.
Obesity, diabetes, gastrointestinal diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and …

The ketogenic diet is a dietary regime focused on strongly reducing carbohydrate intake and
increasing fat intake; leading to a state of ketosis. The ketogenic diet has gained much …

Naringin, a major flavonoid in citrus, has potential for preventing atherosclerosis. The
presence in the colon of a large amount of naringin after oral intake might affect the gut …

Humans with the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes have an altered gut microbiome.
Emerging evidence indicates that it is not only the microorganisms and their structural …

Type 2 diabetes is the fastest-growing metabolic disease in the world. Many clinical studies
have found that type 2 diabetes patients have metabolic disorders and chronic inflammatory …

Background & Aims Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) have shared properties and causes.
Insulin resistance is a risk factor and characteristic of CMDs and has been suggested to be …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and T2DM-related complications [such as retinopathy,
nephropathy, and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)] are the most prevalent metabolic …