Agriculture must overcome escalating problems in order to feed a growing population while
preserving the environment and natural resources. Recently, it has become clear that …

The cyber-agricultural system (CAS) represents an overarching framework of agriculture that
leverages recent advances in ubiquitous sensing, artificial intelligence, smart actuators, and …

Today farmers around the world are gradually embracing Smart farming assisted by different
cutting-edge technologies. The Internet of Things (IoT) is playing a major role in the …

Nitrogen is a vital ingredient for plant development and growth. It is one of the most crucial
indicators of soil fertility and crop growth conditions. For the monitoring of nitrogen loss …

Smart irrigation systems powered by IoT technology are vital in agriculture. Traditional
methods often harm plant health and wastewater. Conversely, IoT-driven smart irrigation …

Soil fertility is an important factor in determining soil quality as it reflects how well the soil can
support plant growth in agriculture. Soil sensor and Arduino can be used to quickly …

This paper makes a comparison of machine learning algorithms for the analysis of four
hydroponic datasets. Data have been gathered daily from hydroponic systems to predict the …

In recent years we have faced drastic climate change which have affected various areas of
life but especially those of agronomy. The most critical factor for grape quality and quantity is …

The human population is only growing, and certain steps are to be implemented to meet the
future requirements with respect to food. This paper discusses the implementation of a smart …

Agricultural equipment works poorly under low illumination such as nighttime, and there is
more noise in soybean plant images collected under light constraints, and the reconstructed …