Pain is a multidimensional experience with sensory-discriminative, affective-motivational,
and cognitive-evaluative components. Pain aversiveness is one principal cause of suffering …

Chronic pain is a condition in which pain progresses from an acute to chronic state and
persists beyond the healing process. Chronic pain impairs function and decreases patients' …

Importance Chronic back pain (CBP) is a leading cause of disability, and treatment is often
ineffective. Approximately 85% of cases are primary CBP, for which peripheral etiology …

Sustained pain is a major characteristic of clinical pain disorders, but it is difficult to assess in
isolation from co-occurring cognitive and emotional features in patients. In this study, we …

Neuropathic pain can be a debilitating condition with both sensory and affective
components, the underlying brain circuitry of which remains poorly understood. In the …

The sensory, associative and limbic neocortical structures play a critical role in shaping
incoming noxious inputs to generate variable pain perceptions. Technological advances in …

Background The left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is a prime target for repetitive transcranial
magnetic stimulation (TMS) to treat neuropsychiatric disorders; thus, abundant efficacy data …

Stress and pain are interleaved at multiple levels-interacting and influencing each other.
Both are modulated by psychosocial factors including fears, beliefs, and goals, and are …

Chronic pain patients frequently develop and suffer from mental comorbidities such as
depressive mood, impaired cognition, and other significant constraints of daily life, which …

Introduction Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation
technique that has been widely studied for the treatment of chronic pain. It is considered a …