Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality and is
independently associated with cardiovascular disease. The mainstay of treatment for CKD is …

Apelin is a vasoactive peptide and is an endogenous ligand for APJ receptors, which are
widely expressed in blood vessels, heart, and cardiovascular regulatory regions of the brain …

Background: Patients with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction after myocardial infarction
are at a high risk of developing heart failure. The addition of neprilysin inhibition to renin …

The predicted protein encoded by the APJ gene discovered in 1993 was originally classified
as a class AG protein-coupled orphan receptor but was subsequently paired with a novel …

The apelin pathway has emerged as a critical regulator of cardiovascular homeostasis and
disease. However, the exact role of pyr1-apelin-13 in angiotensin (Ang) II–mediated heart …

Apelin and apela (ELABELA/ELA/Toddler) are two peptide ligands for a class A G-protein-
coupled receptor named the apelin receptor (AR/APJ/APLNR). Ligand-AR interactions have …

The apelin/apelin receptor system is widely distributed and has a dominant role in
cardiovascular homeostasis and disease. The apelin gene is X-linked and is synthesized as …

The apelin/apelin receptor (ApelinR) signal transduction pathway exerts essential biological
roles, particularly in the cardiovascular system. Disturbances in the apelin/ApelinR axis are …

Cardiovascular diseases have become a major clinical burden globally. Heart failure is one
of the diseases that commonly emanates from progressive uncontrolled hypertension. This …

Apelin, an endogenous ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor APJ, is extensively
expressed in various systems, especially the nervous system. This article reviews the role of …