The objective of this study is to analyze the technical importance, performance, techniques,
advantages, and disadvantages of the biosensors in general and of the electrochemical …

Immunosensors are biosensors that use antibodies or antigens as the specific sensing
element and provide concentration-dependent signals. There is great potential in the …

A novel double-codified nanolabel (DC-AuNP) based on gold nanoparticle (AuNP) modified
with anti-human IgG peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated antibody is reported. It represents a …

There has been a phenomenal growth in the field of biosensor development in recent years
with emerging applications in a wide range of disciplines, including medical analysis, food …

The polyaniline (PANi)-Nafion® composite film was prepared onto the ceramic plate by the
cyclic voltammetry (CV) method with the various cycle numbers. When the PANi …

Recent years have provided numerous new examples of applying flow-through
electrochemical detectors in chemical analysis. This review, based on about 250 original …

A label-free immunosensor for the detection of ochratoxin A (OTA) based on use of magnetic
nanoparticles (MNPs) was developed. A gold electrode was modified using bovine serum …

" Covers the most recent methods and materials for the construction, validation, analysis,
and design of electrochemical sensors for bioanalytical, clinical, and pharmaceutical …

This review paper reports the applications of magnetic microbeads in biosensors and bio-
bar code assays. Affinity biosensors are presented through different types of transducing …

Electrochemical biosensors generally require the immobilization of recognition elements or
capture probes on the electrode surface. This may limit their practical applications due to the …