Over the past two decades, the importance of the microbiota in health and disease has
become evident. Pathological changes to the oral bacterial microbiota, such as those …

The production of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is a process that enables neutrophils
to help catch and kill bacteria. However, increasing evidence suggests that this process …

Background Mirikizumab, a p19-directed antibody against interleukin-23, showed efficacy in
the treatment of ulcerative colitis in a phase 2 trial. Methods We conducted two phase 3 …

Host-microbial cross-talk plays a crucial role in maintenance of gut homeostasis. However,
how microbiota-derived metabolites, eg, butyrate, regulate functions of neutrophils in the …

Almost all currently available treatments for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) act by
inhibiting inflammation, often blocking specific inflammatory molecules. However, given the …

Neutrophils are becoming recognized as highly versatile and sophisticated cells that display
de novo synthetic capacity and potentially prolonged lifespan. Emerging concepts such as …

Traditionally, neutrophils have been acknowledged to be the first immune cells that are
recruited to an inflamed tissue and have mainly been considered in the context of acute …

Bile salts and bacteria have intricate relationships. The composition of the intestinal pool of
bile salts is shaped by bacterial metabolism. In turn, bile salts play a role in intestinal …

The intestinal tract is lined by a single layer of columnar epithelial cells that forms a dynamic,
permeable barrier allowing for selective absorption of nutrients, while restricting access to …

Neutrophils have traditionally been thought of as simple foot soldiers of the innate immune
system with a restricted set of pro-inflammatory functions. More recently, it has become …