Background Stress is consistently implicated in depression. Using a vulnerability‐stress
framework, the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis may be one factor affecting the …

Previous studies have reported dysfunction in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis
in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Outpatients diagnosed with MDD (n= 199) …

“Parenting Forest” is an informed contextual therapy parenting program for improving
parental emotion regulation strategies and psychological flexibility. The aim of this study was …

Background Adolescence is a period of increased vulnerability to psychiatric disorders,
including depression. Discovering novel biomarkers to identify individuals who are at high …

Children from lower-SES families exhibit smaller hippocampal volume than do their higher-
SES peers. Few studies, however, have compared hippocampal developmental trajectories …

Background Research in adolescents and adults has suggested that altered neural
processing of reward following early life adversity is a highly promising depressive …

Background Methodological comparisons of hormone quantification techniques have
repeatedly demonstrated that, in adults, enzyme immunoassay (EIA) inflates steroid …

The cortisol awakening response (CAR) has been shown to prospectively predict
depression, but it remains unresolved whether a greater CAR predicts risk independently of …

Research suggests that exposure to fine particulate air pollution (PM 2.5) increases
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation in adults; it is unclear, however …

Background Early life traumatic events and recent stressful events are known to have
especially strong effects on emotional wellbeing. However, little is known about the …