The metro rail system has proven to be the most efficient high-capacity carriers. During the
unprecedented coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) challenge, non-pharmaceutical …

Purpose This study aims to explore the impact of the indoor environment on recovery from
COVID-19 infections. Extant literature on the impact of the four key themes of the indoor …

Although wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has emerged as an inexpensive and non-
intrusive method in contrast to clinical testing to track public health at community levels …

As a pandemic hotspot in Japan, between March 1, 2020–October 1, 2022, Tokyo
metropolis experienced seven COVID-19 waves. Motivated by the high rate of COVID-19 …

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urban areas are of great interest due to their
significant role in forming ground-level ozone and adverse public health effects. Emission …

Background Italy was the first country after China to be severely affected by the COVID-19
pandemic, in early 2020. The country responded swiftly to the outbreak with a nationwide …

ABSTRACT The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused massive losses for the
global economy. Scholars have used different methods to study the transmission mode and …

Early pandemic outbreak detection in cities is a crucial but challenging task. Complementary
to the costly massive individual testing, urban sewage surveillance offers a rare, cost …

The emerging and ongoing outbreak of human monkeypox (hMPX) in 2022 is a serious
global threat. An understanding of the evolution of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) at the single …

Exposure to bioaerosols in high-density urban environments will pose a severe threat to
human life and health and present significant challenges to the sustainability and resilience …