Clinicians can encounter sex and gender disparities in diagnostic and therapeutic
responses. These disparities are noted in epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical …

Curing cancer through precision medicine is the paramount aim of the new wave of
molecular and genomic therapies. Currently, whether patients with non-reproductive …

Abstract Treatment with therapy targeting BRAF and MEK (BRAF/MEK) has revolutionized
care in melanoma and other cancers; however, therapeutic resistance is common and …

Sex exerts a profound impact on cancer incidence, spectrum and outcomes, yet the
molecular and genetic bases of such sex differences are ill-defined and presumptively …

A higher incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is found in males compared to females.
Young women (18–44 years) with CRC have a better survival outcome compared to men of …

Sex differences have been well identified in many brain tumors. Even though glioblastoma
(GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults and has the worst …

Despite their known importance in clinical medicine, differences based on sex and gender
are among the least studied factors affecting cancer susceptibility, progression, survival, and …

Sex differences in cellular and systems biology have been evolutionarily selected to
optimize reproductive success in all species with little (sperm) and big (ova) gamete …

The liver is often thought of as a single functional unit, but both its structural and functional
architecture make it highly multivalent and adaptable. In any given physiological situation …

Cancer is a complex disease resulting from the genetic and epigenetic disruption of normal
cells. The mechanistic understanding of the pathways involved in tumor transformation has …