Flame recognition is an important technique in firefighting, but existing image flame-
detection methods are slow, low in accuracy, and cannot accurately identify small flame …

Due to its wide monitoring range and low cost, visual-based fire detection technology is
commonly used for fire detection in open spaces. However, traditional fire detection …

Forest is an important resource for human survival, and forest fires are a serious threat to
forest protection. Therefore, the early detection of fire and smoke is particularly important …