In recent decades, an exponential surge in technological advancements has significantly
transformed various aspects of daily life. The proliferation of indispensable objects such as …

Diagnostic protocols for vehicles are important for maintenance, updates, etc. However, if
they are not secure, an attacker can use them as an entry point to the vehicle or even directly …

To enable the vehicle control system to provide better service, an increasing number of
network nodes are being introduced into the vehicle; this also dramatically expands the …

The strong development of automotive industry is changing traditional perceptions towards a
vision of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs), such as each vehicle consists of a …

Currently, user authentication only based on passwords can be inadequate due to different
types of vulnerabilities and attacks. To solve this problem, two-factor authentication is …

Modern automotive systems are increasingly complex and interconnected, providing
enhanced services and functionalities, such as improving driver experience and safety …

Due to the increasing complexity of the group of software and hardware components used in
automobiles, current threats continue to hit the onboard network day after day. These …

A classic protocol for in-vehicle network communication is the Controller Area Network
(CAN) bus for electric vehicles. The key characteristics of CAN bus are its simplicity …

The continual technological advancements mark the modern world, and the automotive
industry is no exception. As vehicles rely more heavily on technology and connectivity …

Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) consist of a number of networked computer
components, called Electronic Control Units (ECUs). Scalable service-Oriented MiddlewarE …