Exosomes, nanoscale extracellular vesicles, play a crucial role in intercellular
communication, owing to their biologically active cargoes such as RNAs and proteins. In …

Despite improvements in medical and surgical therapies, a significant portion of patients
with critical limb ischemia (CLI) are considered as “no option” for revascularization. In this …

Current clinical therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of osteo‐and rheumatoid‐arthritis is
obviously limited. Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered as a source of …

In recent decades, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture technologies have been developed
rapidly in the field of tissue engineering and regeneration, and have shown unique …

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy has emerged as a promising regenerative
therapeutic approach for wound healing. To determine the effects of cultured MSCs as a 2D …

The applications of hydrogels have expanded significantly due to their versatile, highly
tunable properties and breakthroughs in biomaterial technologies. In this review, we cover …

Congenital aniridia is a panocular disorder that is typically characterized by iris hypoplasia
and aniridia-associated keratopathy (AAK). AAK results in the progressive loss of corneal …

Diffuse alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) death occurs extensively during acute lung injury (ALI).
Due to the limited proliferative capacity of alveolar type 1 epithelial (AT1) cells, the …

Obesity can exacerbate the systemic inflammatory process, leading to increased infiltration
of monocytes in white adipose tissue (WAT) and polarization of these cells into pro …

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have been identified as a noteworthy paracrine
mechanism of intercellular communication in diagnosing and managing neurological …