Archaic admixture is increasingly recognized as an important source of diversity in modern
humans, and Neanderthal haplotypes cover 1%–3% of the genome of present-day …

This paper presents pollen analyses on hyaena coprolites from Vanguard Cave, Gibraltar,
with the aim of depicting the vegetation landscapes of the southern Iberian Neanderthals …

Devastating pandemics, such as that due to COVID-19, can provide strong testimony to our
knowledge of the genetic and evolutionary determinants of infectious disease susceptibility …

Macrophage-mediated inflammation is an explicitly robust biologic response that plays a
critical role in maintaining tissue homeostasis by eliminating deleterious agents. These …

Selection pressure due to exposure to infectious pathogens endemic to Africa may explain
distinct genetic variations in immune response genes. However, the impact of those genetic …

The introduction of pathogens originating from Eurasia into the Americas during early
European contact has been associated with high mortality rates among Indigenous peoples …

The hemoglobin β S sickle mutation is a textbook case in which natural selection maintains
a deleterious mutation at high frequency in the human population. Homozygous individuals …

Abstract Changes in gene regulation were a major driver of the divergence of archaic
hominins (AHs)—Neanderthals and Denisovans—and modern humans (MHs). The three …

Genome-wide data on genetic variation are now available for multiple primate species and
populations, facilitating analyses of evolutionary history within and across taxa. One …

Recent studies have reported evidence suggesting that portions of contemporary human
genomes introgressed from archaic hominin populations went to high frequencies due to …