Primates are noted for their varied and complex pelage and bare skin coloration but the
significance of this diverse coloration remains opaque. Using new updated information …

Vegetation phenology has a strong influence on the timing and phase of global terrestrial
carbon and water exchanges and is an important indicator of climate change and variability …

Many animals display static coloration (eg of feathers or fur) that can serve as a reliable
sexual or social signal, but the communication function of rapidly changing colours (as in …

Animal coloration has multiple functions including thermoregulation, camouflage, and social
signaling, and the requirements of each function may sometimes conflict. Many terrestrial …

The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is an iconic mammal, but the function of its black-
and-white coloration is mysterious. Using photographs of giant pandas taken in the wild and …

Visual acuity is one of three basic parameters that characterize a visual system. However,
few comparative studies of signals, camouflage and ecology in general have considered …

Aposematism is one of the great mysteries of evolutionary biology. The evolution of
aposematic coloration is poorly understood, but even less understood is the evolution of …

Animal camouflage is a longstanding example of adaptation. Much research has tested how
camouflage prevents detection and recognition, largely focusing on changes to an animal's …

Poison dart frogs provide classic examples of warning signals: potent toxins signaled by
distinctive, conspicuous coloration. We show that, counterintuitively, the bright yellow and …

Camouflage is perhaps the most widespread anti-predator defense in nature, with many
different types thought to exist. Of these, resembling the general color and pattern of the …