Microglia, resident macrophages that act as the brain's innate immune cells, play a key role
in initiating a defense response to the infection or neuroinflammation of the host. Once a …

Reprogramming metabolism is of great therapeutic interest for reducing morbidity and
mortality during sepsis-induced critical illness. Disappointing results from randomized …

The term 'magic bullet'is a scientific concept proposed by the German Nobel laureate Paul
Ehrlich in 1907, describing a medicine that could specifically and efficiently target a disease …

Endogenous small molecules are metabolic regulators of cell function. Itaconate is a key
molecule that accumulates in cells when the Krebs cycle is disrupted. Itaconate is derived …

Ischemic stroke (also called cerebral ischemia) is one of the leading causes of death and
severe disability worldwide. NLR inflammasomes play a crucial role in sensing cell damage …

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory disease caused by an infection that can lead to multiple
organ failure. Sepsis alters energy metabolism, leading to metabolic reprogramming of …

A century ago, Otto Heinrich Warburg made a seminal discovery now known as the Warburg
effect. This metabolic signature, prevalent across all cancer cells, is characterized by the …

Itaconate is a newly discovered endogenous metabolite promoting an anti-inflammatory
program during innate immune response, but the precise mechanisms underlying its effect …

Itaconate is a metabolite that synthesized from cis-aconitate in mitochondria and transported
into the cytosol to exert multiple regulatory effects in macrophages. However, the …

Nanoplastics have been widely studied as environmental pollutants, which can accumulate
in the human body through the food chain or direct contact. Research has shown that …