The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been widespread globally, and …

Since late 2019, the new SARS-CoV-2 virus belonging to the Coronaviridae family has been
responsible for COVID-19 pandemic, a severe acute respiratory syndrome. Several antiviral …

Background COVID-19 severity is associated with its respiratory manifestations. Neutralising
antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 administered systemically have shown clinical efficacy …

Data on immune responses following COVID-19 booster vaccinations and subsequent
infections in the immunocompromised are limited. We studied antibody responses after the …

Introduction The generation of an HIV-1 vaccine able to induce long-lasting protective
immunity remains a main challenge. Here, we aimed to modify next-generation soluble …

Subunit vaccines stand as a leading approach to expanding the current portfolio of vaccines
to fight against COVID-19, seeking not only to lower costs but to achieve long-term immunity …

Neutralizing antibody responses from COVID-19 vaccines are pivotal in conferring
protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Effective …

Vaccine-induced mucosal immunity and broad protective capacity against various severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants remain inadequate …

Seasonal coronaviruses (HCoVs) are known to contribute to cross-reactive antibody (Ab)
responses against SARS-CoV-2. While these responses are predictable due to the high …

Background The immune background of the overall population before and after the outbreak
of SARS-CoV-2 in China remains unexplored. And the level of neutralizing antibodies is a …