Objective We have shown previously that preterm infants are at risk of necrotizing
enterocolitis (NEC), an inflammatory bowel necrosis typically seen in infants born prior to 32 …

Retinoic acid (RA) induces the differentiation of murine embryonic stem (ES) cells to cell
types resembling those found in the early embryo. When cultured in the presence of …

Interactions between the histone deacetylase inhibitor sodium butyrate (SB) and phorbol 12-
myristate 13-acetate (PMA) were examined in human myeloid leukemia cells (U937 and HL …

Abstract Uridine 5′-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are Phase II
biotransformation enzymes that metabolize endogenous and exogenous compounds, some …

Although gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) have been used in the
therapy of the endocrine-dependent cancers, their biological mechanism remained obscure …

Although a novel second form of GnRH (GnRH-II) has been reported to have an
antiproliferative effect on gynecologic cancer cells, its biological mechanism remains to be …

All-trans retinoic acid (RA) and interferons (IFNs) have efficacy in treating certain leukemias
and lymphomas, respectively, motivating interest in their mechanism of action to improve …

Retinoic acid‐induced expression of the CD38 ectoenzyme receptor in HL‐60 human
myeloblastic leukemia cells is regulated by RARα and RXR, and enhanced or prevented cell …

Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)-derived nitric oxide (NO) acts as a neurotransmitter
and intracellular signaling molecule in the central and peripheral nervous system. NO …

The mechanism of action of retinoic acid (RA) is of broad relevance to cell and
developmental biology, nutrition, and cancer chemotherapy. RA is known to induce …