Propagation and exchange of electrical signals between neurons mainly depend on the
controllability of synapses. These electrical signals will affect the dynamic characteristics of …

Artificial neurons can be designed and excited to produce similar smart responses as
biological neurons driven by electromagnetic excitations. The interaction between cell …

During the release and propagation of intracellular and extracellular ions, electromagnetic
field is induced accompanying with propagation of energy flow. The firing mode is …

In this research article, we propose a passive two-terminal floating memristor emulator circuit
(MEC). The proposed MEC consists of two NMOS transistors, one PMOS transistor and one …

This paper introduces two novel emulator circuits that employ a single active block. The first
circuit utilizes a Voltage Differencing Transconductance Amplifier (VDTA) to emulate the …

Due to the high manufacturing cost of memristors, an equivalent emulator has been
employed as one of the mainstream approaches of memristor research. A threshold-type …