Challenges and opportunities in long COVID research

RE Hamlin, CA Blish - Immunity, 2024 - cell.com
Long COVID (LC) is a condition in which patients do not fully recover from the initial SARS-
CoV-2 infection but rather have persistent or new symptoms for months to years following …

Systems analysis of innate and adaptive immunity in Long COVID

MJ Peluso, M Abdel-Mohsen, TJ Henrich… - Seminars in …, 2024 - Elsevier
Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, significant progress has been made in
developing effective preventive and therapeutic strategies against severe acute SARS-CoV …

Interstitial macrophages are a focus of viral takeover and inflammation in COVID-19 initiation in human lung

TTH Wu, KJ Travaglini, A Rustagi, D Xu… - Journal of Experimental …, 2024 - rupress.org
Early stages of deadly respiratory diseases including COVID-19 are challenging to elucidate
in humans. Here, we define cellular tropism and transcriptomic effects of SARS-CoV-2 virus …

Cardiac tissue model of immune-induced dysfunction reveals the role of free mitochondrial DNA and the therapeutic effects of exosomes

RXZ Lu, N Rafatian, Y Zhao, KT Wagner… - Science …, 2024 - science.org
Despite tremendous progress in the development of mature heart-on-a-chip models, human
cell–based models of myocardial inflammation are lacking. Here, we bioengineered a …

SARS-CoV-2 nsp15 preferentially degrades AU-rich dsRNA via its dsRNA nickase activity

X Wang, B Zhu - Nucleic Acids Research, 2024 - academic.oup.com
It has been proposed that coronavirus nsp15 mediates evasion of host cell double-stranded
(ds) RNA sensors via its uracil-specific endoribonuclease activity. However, how nsp15 …

SARS-CoV-2 infection induces adaptive NK cell responses by spike protein-mediated induction of HLA-E expression

MZ Hasan, M Claus, N Krüger, S Reusing… - Emerging Microbes & …, 2024 - Taylor & Francis
ABSTRACT HLA-E expression plays a central role for modulation of NK cell function by
interaction with inhibitory NKG2A and stimulatory NKG2C receptors on canonical and …

Tissue-specific features of innate lymphoid cells in antiviral defense

SJ Piersma - Cellular & Molecular Immunology, 2024 - nature.com
Innate lymphocytes (ILCs) rapidly respond to and protect against invading pathogens and
cancer. ILCs include natural killer (NK) cells, ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s, and lymphoid tissue …

Elevated levels of cell-free NKG2D-ligands modulate NKG2D surface expression and compromise NK cell function in severe COVID-19 disease

D Fernández-Soto, ÁF García-Jiménez… - Frontiers in …, 2024 - frontiersin.org
Introduction It is now clear that coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) severity is associated
with a dysregulated immune response, but the relative contributions of different immune …

Induction of protective immune responses at respiratory mucosal sites

SC Park, MJ Wiest, V Yan, PT Wong… - Human Vaccines & …, 2024 - Taylor & Francis
Many pathogens enter the host through mucosal sites. Thus, interfering with pathogen entry
through local neutralization at mucosal sites therefore is an effective strategy for preventing …

SARS-CoV-2 viral persistence in lung alveolar macrophages is controlled by IFN-γ and NK cells

E Beaumont, M Müller-Trutwin, N Huot - Genes & Immunity, 2024 - nature.com
SARS-CoV-2 has been the subject of extensive research. Through substantial efforts,
researchers have tracked the virus's variants and developed vaccines, diagnostic tests, and …