Mammals rely upon three ocular photoreceptors to sense light: rods, cones, and intrinsically
photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). Rods and cones resolve details in the visual …

Artificial lighting at night (ALAN) produced by urban, industrial, and roadway lighting, as well
as other sources, has dramatically increased in recent decades, especially in coastal …

Fluorescence of visible wavelengths under ultraviolet (UV) light has been previously
detected in a wide range of birds, reptiles, and amphibians and a few marsupial mammals …

The presence and proportions of photopigments, which are responsible for the visual and
physiological effects of light, vary between taxonomic groups. This leads to differing …

Light sources attract nocturnal flying insects, but some lamps attract more insects than
others. The relation between the properties of a light source and the number of attracted …

Most nocturnal Lepidoptera can be attracted to artificial light sources, particularly to those
that emit a high proportion of ultraviolet radiation. Here, I describe a newly developed LED …

Environmental illumination spans many log units of intensity and is tracked for essential
functions that include regulation of the circadian clock, arousal state, and hormone levels …

A long-standing interest in animal behaviour has been to understand chains of stimulus
response. One approach to understanding the links between stimulus and response has …

Throughout history, the stars have provided humans with ever more information about our
world, enabling increasingly accurate systems of navigation in addition to fuelling some of …

Mounting evidence shows that artificial light at night (ALAN) alters biological processes
across levels of organization, from cells to communities. Yet, the combined impacts of ALAN …