Simple Summary Novel therapeutic targets are needed to improve treatments of aggressive
cancers and viral diseases. Tetraspanins represent an emerging class of anticancer targets …

In nature, viral coinfection is as widespread as viral infection alone. Viral coinfections often
cause altered viral pathogenicity, disrupted host defense, and mixed-up clinical symptoms …

Understanding protective immunity to COVID-19 facilitates preparedness for future
pandemics and combats new SARS-CoV-2 variants emerging in the human population …

The circulating nature of extracellular vesicles (EVs) allows for the transfer of cargo to
proximal or distant cells, making them vital mediators of cellular communication. Epstein …

Simple Summary Many different viruses are known to cause cancer. It is well known that
human papillomavirus is a causative agent of cervical carcinoma. What is more controversial …

Abstract Background Blastocystis hominis (Bh) is zoonotic parasitic pathogen with a high
prevalent globally, causing opportunistic infections and diarrhea disease. Human …

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal primary brain tumor. Conventional
treatments have not achieved breakthroughs in improving survival. Therefore, novel …

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute hepatitis worldwide. As the other positive-
strand RNA viruses, it is believed to replicate its genome in a membrane-associated …

Abstract Cyprinid herpesvirus type 3 (CyHV-3), also called Koi herpesvirus (KHV), which
leads to mass cyprinid mortality and enormous economic losses. To establish an infection …

Biochemical approaches revealed that tetraspanins are multi-regulatory proteins forming a
web, where they act in tetraspanin-enriched-microdomains (TEMs). A microscopic criterion …