Eye strain when performing tasks reliant on a digital environment can cause discomfort,
affecting productivity and quality of life. Digital eye strain (the preferred terminology) was …

Background Smartphone overuse has been cited as a potentially modifiable risk factor that
can result in visual impairment. However, reported associations between smartphone …

Digital display use has been accepted to be implicated as a contributing factor for dry eye
disease (DED). Abnormal blinking during computer operation, including a reduced blink rate …

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted education systems globally, making
digital devices common arrangements for adolescent learning. However, vision …

Purpose To evaluate the benefits on the eyes of taking breaks based on the 20-20-20 rule.
Methods Bespoke computer software using the laptop webcam to assess user breaks, eye …

Background Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disease of the tear film and ocular
surface. It causes ocular symptoms, reduced quality of life and a considerable economic …

Advanced age is one of the most evident risk factors for dry eye disease (DED), with
male/female sex, chronic drug consumption, and prolonged device use. This article aims to …

We investigated the effects of using a virtual reality smartphone-based head-mounted
display (VR SHMD) device for 2 h on visual parameters. Fifty-eight healthy volunteers were …

While previous research suggests that smartphone overuse relates to users' adverse health
issues such as insomnia, nomophobia, and poor eyesight, few studies have explored the …

Purpose To conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis on the levels of oxidative stress
markers and antioxidants in dry eye disease (DED) compared with healthy subject. Method …