Osteoporosis is characterized by an alteration of bone microstructure with a decreased bone
mineral density, leading to the incidence of fragility fractures. Around 200 million people are …

Probiotics are essential to improve the health of the host, whereas maintaining the viability of
probiotics in harsh environments remains a challenge. Polysaccharides have non-toxicity …

Progression of chronic liver disease is precipitated by hepatocyte loss, inflammation and
fibrosis. This process results in the loss of critical hepatic functions, increasing morbidity and …

Lactulose, a galactose-fructose disaccharide, is made from the milk sugar lactose by heating
or isomerization processes. Lactulose is proposed to modulate gut microbiota and thus …

Mushroom waste can account for up to 50% of the total mushroom mass. Spent mushroom
substrate, misshapen mushrooms, and mushroom stems are examples of mushroom …

Background Intestinal dysfunction is one of the common complications in the early stage of
acute pancreatitis (AP), which often associates with bad outcome. Lactulose, as a prebiotic …

Cirrhosis is characterized by inflammation, degeneration, and fibrosis of liver tissue. Along
with being the most common cause of liver failure and liver transplant, cirrhosis is a …

Milk contains all essential macro and micro-nutrients for the development of the newborn. Its
high therapeutic and antimicrobial content provides an important function for the prevention …

The non-absorbable disaccharide lactulose is mostly used in the treatment of various
gastrointestinal disorders such as chronic constipation and hepatic encephalopathy. The …

Polysaccharides derived from edible mushrooms were sources of new prebiotic compounds.
Limited studies of their prebiotic effects, as well as the presence of residual dark colors …