The calculation and use of effect sizes—such as d for mean differences and r for correlations—
has increased dramatically in second language (L2) research in the last decade …

This chapter reviews research on L1ers' individual differences in the proficiency of
understanding and speaking their L1, as a function of age and/or level of education. In …

Over the past 40 years, Jim Cummins has proposed a number of highly influential theoretical
concepts, including the threshold and interdependence hypotheses and the distinction …

This study set out to investigate the relationship between L2 vocabulary knowledge (VK) and
second-language (L2) reading/listening comprehension. More than 100 individual studies …

This meta‐analysis aimed to clarify the complex relationship between repetition and second
language (L2) incidental vocabulary learning by meta‐analyzing primary studies reporting …

Willingness to communicate (WTC) has been considered an important part of the language
learning and communication process, playing a pivotal role in the development of language …

Now in its third edition, Teaching and Researching Reading charts the field of reading (first
and second language) systematically and coherently for the benefit of language teaching …

This exploratory study represents an attempt to investigate the factors that may affect the
reading comprehension abilities of English as an Additional Language (EAL) learners. The …

A comprehensive manual for pre-and in-service ESL, EFL, and EIL educators who work with
multilingual students at the secondary and postsecondary levels, this text balances insights …

This book is intended to give you a broad overview of Applied Linguistics. It will introduce
you to important areas in the field, and familiarize you with the key issues in each of those …