With different structures and control strategies, inverter-interfaced renewable energy
generators (IIREGs) have different fault characteristics from synchronous generators. This …

High penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) leads to new challenges for protection
devices. Protection schemes are typically designed according to the dynamic behavior of …

Renewable energy sources are typically interfaced to the grid using power electronics,
which can cause their fault current characteristics to display significant low-frequency …

The power output generated by wind farms (WFs) is integrated directly or indirectly into the
grid through power electronic devices and the fault current is significantly different from that …

Fault characteristics analysis normally provides a theoretical foundation for the protection
design. Although conventional fault analysis of inverter-interfaced renewable energy …

The fluctuated output power of the large-scale wind farms (WF) and their fault transient
characteristics have an adverse effect on the current differential protection systems of the …

The wide application of power electronic component in power system with renewable
energy sources has changed the fault characteristics of conventional power system …

Wind farms (WFs) are increasingly connected to high-voltage (HV) grids, for which pilot
protection—including differential protection and directional comparison blocking pilot …

The exclusive fault characteristics of photovoltaic (PV) power plants and the existence of
fault resistance cause a high probability of failure in operation and unwanted operation of …

Offshore wind farms (OWFs) with modular multilevel converter high-voltage dc (MMC-HVdc)
have become an important form of renewable energy utilization. However, if a fault occurs at …