Summary Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is widely considered to result from the autoimmune
destruction of insulin-producing β cells. This concept has been a central tenet for decades of …

Hypertension is a global public health issue and the leading cause of premature death in
humans. Despite more than a century of research, hypertension remains difficult to cure due …

Disruption of the physiologic sleep-wake cycle and low melatonin levels frequently
accompany cardiac disease, yet the underlying mechanism has remained enigmatic …

Most current studies of artificial synapses only mimic the static plasticity, which is far from
achieving the complex behaviors of the human brain. The few reported dynamic …

Cancer cell receives extracellular signal inputs to obtain a stem-like status, yet how t umor m
icro e nvironmental (TME) neural signals steer cancer stemness to establish the hierarchical …

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) has been the major contributor to chronic lower back
pain (LBP). Abnormal apoptosis, senescence, and pyroptosis of IVD cells, extracellular …

The stress response, which involves joint activity of the nervous and endocrine systems, is
one of the basic adaptive mechanisms that ensures the survival of the individual. The …

The relationship between psychosocial factors and cancer has intrigued people for
centuries. In the last several decades there has been an expansion of mechanistic research …

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and death. It imposes a heavy economic
burden on individuals, families and society. The mortality rate of ischemic stroke has …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) accelerates fracture healing, but the underlying mechanism
remains largely unknown. Accumulating evidence indicates that the central nervous system …