Research on negative campaigning has grown rapidly in the past decades. This article
reviews the literature dealing with this campaign strategy. It discusses its definition and …

Affective polarization, or antipathy between the supporters of opposing political camps, is
documented to be on the rise in the United States and elsewhere. At the same time, there …

Sentiment is important in studies of news values, public opinion, negative campaigning or
political polarization and an explosive expansion of digital textual data and fast progress in …

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We investigate the effects of sentiment and issue salience on emotionally labeled responses
to posts from political actors on Facebook (ie, Reactions). We use an automated content …

Names: Strömbäck, Jesper editor.| Kiousis, Spiro editor. Title: Political public relations:
concepts, principles, and applications/edited by Jesper Strömbäck and Spiro Kiousis …

Little comparative evidence exists about what causes candidates to use negative
campaigning in elections. We introduce an original comparative data set that contains …

This article describes how political parties in parliamentary election campaigns in Western
Europe make use of negative campaigning and examines whether their behaviour differs …

This article examines the conditions under which different kinds of parties resort to negative
campaigning in three Western European countries: the Netherlands, Britain, and Germany in …

A growing body of studies shows that the reasons for competing candidates to “go negative”
on their opponents during elections—that is, attacking their opponents instead of promoting …