Relevant research has investigated how predictive modeling algorithms, deep-learning-
based sensing technologies, and big urban data configure immersive hyperconnected …

Context: Cyber–physical systems present a challenge to testers, bringing complexity and
scale to safety-critical and collaborative environments. Digital twins enhance these systems …

Today, policymakers struggle to obtain information from specific smart city case studies. The
literature lacks a unified view of current initiatives. This paper performs an empirical study …

To be inclusive, smart cities should be built on Industry 4.0 technologies within a quadruple
helix model involving governments, academia, industry, and citizens. Innovation …

More and more cities are evolving towards the smart city concept, which brings about a
tangible effect of raised life quality levels. This is confirmed by the satisfaction of inhabitants …

The Industry 4.0 idea influences the development of both charging stations and
electromobility development, due to its emphasis on device communication, cooperation …

The aim of this systematic review is to synthesize and analyze networked and integrated
urban technologies, digital twin modeling tools, and spatio-temporal fusion algorithms. We …

Based on an in-depth survey of the literature, the purpose of the paper is to explore digital
twin modeling, multi-sensor data fusion techniques, and geo-spatial mapping and virtual …

This research focused on a behavioral model as a significant tangible enabler for smart city
plans and initiatives across Asian and EU regions as per transportation projects. This study …

As cities have become more populated and urbanized, governments have faced several
challenges in effectively managing cities. To overcome these challenges, transitioning to …