Over the past decade, there have been important breakthroughs in our understanding of the
regulation and function of sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG). A recent genome-wide …

Summary Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a heritable metabolic disorder. While population studies
have identified hundreds of common genetic variants associated with T2D, the role of rare …

The cardiovascular (CV) benefit and safety of treating low testosterone conditions is a matter
of debate. Although testosterone deficiency has been linked to a rise in major adverse CV …

Context Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a highly prevalent endocrine disorder
characterized by hyperandrogenism, is the leading cause of anovulatory infertility. Objective …

Menopause is the cessation of ovarian function, with loss of reproductive hormone
production and irreversible loss of fertility. It is a natural part of reproductive aging. The …

Diabetes and its complications cause a heavy disease burden globally. Identifying
exposures, risk factors and molecular processes causally associated with the development …

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common diseases with
the coexistence of reproductive malfunction and metabolic disorders. Previous studies have …

Insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) and testosterone have been implicated in prostate cancer
aetiology. Using data from a large prospective full‐cohort with standardised assays and …

The substantial increase in life expectancy of men has focused growing attention on quality-
of-life issues associated with reproductive aging. Serum total and free testosterone levels in …

Background Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone and oestradiol have been
associated with many diseases in observational studies; however, the causality of …