Since its appearance, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2),
the causal agent of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), represents a global problem for …

SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA virus that was identified for the first time in December 2019 in
Wuhan, China. The World Health Organization (WHO) labeled the novel coronavirus …

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) became a worldwide concern at the beginning of
2020 and has affected millions. Several previous studies revealed the impact of the …

SARS‐CoV‐2 has developed a variety of approaches to counteract host innate antiviral
immunity to facilitate its infection, replication and pathogenesis, but the molecular …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is a poor inducer of innate
antiviral immunity, and the underlying mechanism still needs further investigation. Here, we …

Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and
monkeypox virus (MPXV) severely threaten human health; however, currently, no vaccine …

The intracellular viral, bacterial, or parasitic pathogens evade the host immune challenges to
propagate and cause fatal diseases. The microbes overpower host immunity at various …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes coronavirus
disease 19 (COVID-19) has numerous risk factors leading to severe disease with high …

The clinical and immunological spectrum of acute and post-active COVID-19 syndrome
overlaps with criteria used to characterize autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid …

Innate and acquired immunity responses are crucial for viral infection elimination. However,
genetic variations in coding genes may exacerbate the inflammation or initiate devastating …