Blockchain technology has been extended from bitcoin transactions to applications in
multiple domains. Scalability has been identified as a major challenge in large-scale …

Sharding is the prevalent approach to breaking the trilemma of simultaneously achieving
decentralization, security, and scalability in traditional blockchain systems, which are …

Sharding has been considered as a prominent approach to enhance the limited
performance of blockchain. However, most sharding systems leverage a non-cooperative …

Organizations all over the world are under pressure to reduce their use of non-renewable
energy sources and carbon emissions into the atmosphere due to its increasing negative …

Blockchain is a peer-to-peer trustless network that keeps records of digital assets without
any central authority. With the passage of time, the sustainability issue of blockchain is …

The integration of blockchain and digital twins (DT) for better building-lifecycle data
management has recently received much attention from researchers in the field. In this …

Smart cities have become a trend with improved efficiency, resilience, and sustainability,
providing citizens with high quality of life. With the increasing demand for a more …

Blockchain has attracted lots of attention in recent years. However, the performance of
blockchain cannot meet the requirement of massive Internet of Things (IoT) devices. One of …

Blockchain databases have attracted widespread attention but suffer from poor scalability
due to underlying non-scalable blockchains. While blockchain sharding is necessary for a …

With the development of the Internet of Things (IoT), a large-scale, heterogeneous, and
dynamic distributed network has been formed among IoT devices. There is an extreme need …