Abstract Based on the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports of this thematic issue in Earth
System Dynamics and recent peer-reviewed literature, current knowledge of the effects of …

Climate change is and will continue altering the world's coasts, which are the most densely
populated and economically active areas on earth and home for highly valuable …

Ocean and coastal ecosystems support life on Earth and many aspects of human well-being.
Covering two-thirds of the planet, the ocean hosts vast biodiversity and modulates the global …

Our current 1.1° C warmer world is already affecting natural and human systems in Europe
(very high confidence1). Since AR5, there has been a substantial increase in detected or …

Cities and settlements (C&S) by the sea are on the frontline of climate change—they face
climate-compounded risks that are amongst the highest, but are a key source of innovation …

Future sea-level rise generates hazards for coastal populations, economies, infrastructure,
and ecosystems around the world. The projection of future sea-level rise relies on an …

Despite widespread efforts to implement climate services, there is almost no literature that
systematically analyzes users' needs. This paper addresses this gap by applying a decision …

Climate change poses increasingly severe risks for coastal ecosystems and coastal
communities all around the globe. This condition requires implementing climate adaptation …

The release of new and updated sea‐level rise (SLR) information, such as from the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Assessment Reports, needs to be …

Sea‐level rise sits at the frontier of usable climate climate change research, because it
involves natural and human systems with long lags, irreversible losses, and deep …