Wnt signal cascade is an evolutionarily conserved, developmental pathway that regulates
embryogenesis, injury repair, and pathogenesis of human diseases. It is well established …

Signaling by GDNF through the Ret receptor is required for normal growth of the ureteric bud
during kidney development. However, the precise role of GDNF/Ret signaling in renal …

Mammalian kidneys constantly filter large amounts of liquid, with almost complete retention
of albumin and other macromolecules in the plasma. Breakdown of the three-layered renal …

The endothelium first forms in the blood islands in the extra-embryonic yolk sac and then
throughout the embryo to establish circulatory networks that further acquire organ-specific …

Development of the mammalian kidney is initiated by ingrowth of the ureteric bud into the
metanephric blastema. In response to signal (s) from the ureter, mesenchymal cells …

Reciprocal cell-cell interactions between the ureteric epithelium and the metanephric
mesenchyme are needed to drive growth and differentiation of the embryonic kidney to …

Dorsal-ventral limb patterning in vertebrates is thought to be controlled by the LIM-
homeodomain protein Lmx1b which is expressed in a spatially and temporally restricted …

Kidney development occurs in a stereotypic position along the body axis. It begins when a
single ureteric bud emerges from the nephric duct in response to GDNF secreted by the …

The murine Six gene family, homologous to Drosophila sine oculis (so) which encodes a
homeodomain transcription factor, is composed of six members (Six1-6). Among the six …

Kidney organogenesis requires the morphogenesis of epithelial tubules. Inductive
interactions between the branching ureteric buds and the metanephric mesenchyme lead to …