The immediate evolutionary space accessible to HIV is largely determined by how single
amino acid mutations affect fitness. These mutational effects can shift as the virus evolves …

The trimeric HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) is critical for host immune recognition and
neutralization. Despite advances in trimer design, the roots of Env trimer metastability …

The tier 2 neutralization phenotype is typical of most circulating strains and is associated
with a predominantly closed Env trimer configuration that is a high priority to target with …

The CD4-binding site (CD4bs) is a conserved epitope on HIV-1 envelope (Env) that can be
targeted by protective broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). HIV-1 vaccines have not …

A key aspect of successful viral vaccine design is the elicitation of neutralizing antibodies
targeting viral attachment and fusion glycoproteins that embellish viral particles. This …

The native-like, soluble SOSIP. 664 trimer based on the BG505 clade A env gene of HIV-1 is
immunogenic in various animal species, of which the most studied are rabbits and rhesus …

HIV is a virus that remains a major health concern and results in an infection that has no
cure even after over 30 years since its discovery. As such, HIV vaccine discovery continues …

The events required for the induction of broad neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) following HIV-
1 envelope (Env) vaccination are unknown, and their induction in animal models as proof of …

Highlights•A neutralizing antibody-based vaccine is needed to curb the global HIV
pandemic.•Current vaccine approaches target unique features of bnAb precursors.• …

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) against HIV-1 envelope (Env) inform vaccine
design and are potential therapeutic agents. We identified SF12 and related bNAbs with up …