Forebrain development in vertebrates is regulated by transcription factors encoded by
homeobox, bHLH and forkhead gene families throughout the progressive and overlapping …

Higher cognition in humans, compared to other primates, is often attributed to an increased
brain size, especially forebrain cortical surface area. Brain size is determined through highly …

The commonalities and differences in cell-type-specific pathways that lead to Alzheimer
disease (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD) remain unknown. Here, we performed a single …

Cortical function critically depends on inhibitory/excitatory balance. Cortical inhibitory
interneurons (cINs) are born in the ventral forebrain and migrate into cortex, where their …

Cross-species comparative analyses of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data allow
us to explore, at single-cell resolution, the origins of the cellular diversity and evolutionary …

Exercise has been recognized as a beneficial factor for cognitive health, particularly in
relation to the hippocampus, a vital brain region responsible for learning and memory …

The mammalian telencephalon contains distinct GABAergic projection neuron and
interneuron types, originating in the germinal zone of the embryonic basal ganglia. How …

The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a key brain region involved in reward processing and is
linked to multiple neuropsychiatric conditions such as substance use disorder, depression …

The striatum is primarily composed of two types of medium spiny neurons (MSNs)
expressing either D1-or D2-type dopamine receptors. However, the fate determination of …

The striatum is the main input structure of the basal ganglia, receiving information from the
cortex and the thalamus and consisting of D1-and D2-medium spiny neurons (MSNs). D1 …